Writing And Chaos

一層功，一層理

A  level of skill, a level of theory

沉肩墜肘

浮肩昂肘

Sinking shoulders and dropping elbows.

Floating shoulders and soaring elbows.

以氣為主，以力當先

以氣為主，以理當先

Vapours direct, strength must come first.

Vapours direct, theory must come first.

There is a fencing manual, the Sword of Chaos, which embodies the internal arts influenced by the Taoist theory. It has already been quoted in this blog but it may be interesting to develop parts of it as examples of themes often recurrent in internal practices. Still, before doing so, following the last post on the Lady of Yue, one has to further understand what kind of writing is mainly found as far as martial arts are concerned and the issues brought along. 

Opportune

一層功，一層理

A  level of skill, a level of theory.

Old Chinese practices are about chaos, not rule.

Walking Straight

步不活则拳乱，步不快则拳慢

Boxing is confused when one’s steps are not vivid, not fast when they are slow.

打人如走路

Hitting is like walking.

一步練錯百步歪

One step trained wrongly, a hundred wicked ones.

Posture and semi-static moves learned, one finally could walk. Walking knows a lot of different kinds of training some with tools, all meant to first provide the best balance and rooting while having one’s roots in motion and, of course, also power and precision.

Weeding

打人如走路，看人如蒿草

Hitting like walking, regarding people as weed.

To be linked with “Boxing knows no moral, morals are empty words”.

Voiding The Lady, Martial Arts Writing

彈歌
斷竹，續竹；
飛土，逐宍。
Song of the Pellet Bow
Cutting bamboos, joining bamboos;
Flying mud, chasing meat.*

性是功能之本，命是功能之基。
Nature** is the essence of capability, lot its foundation.

十里不同音。 
A different pronunciation every five kilometres. 

Voiding the interpretations of the Lady of Yue is actually quite simple, the text is coming from an historical novel. Furthermore, the method used, deciphering enigmas, is certainly not a way to translate Classical Chinese. Still, it had to be done because this text is used as a reference in book compilations and some television series about martial arts, often introduced as one of the first martial arts writing.

Still And Straight

腰不動，足不發 

The feet do not emit if the waist doesn't move. 

勁從足下起，還得丹田足

The strength rises from the feet on the prerequisite the cinnabar field is full. 

For internal practices, roots are an active relationship between the feet and the waist. Hence, moving the whole body while keeping the feet still is a way to work and enhance such relationship. Semi-static postures in the three-steps training were paying special attention to two things, keeping the feet as still as possible and the pelvis as straight as possible. 

Stretch It A Bit More

弹腿四只手，神鬼见了都发愁

Elastic legs are like four hands, gods and ghosts alike become anxious as they see them.

To be linked with 打拳不溜腿，必是冒失鬼.

Voiding

一步練錯百步歪。

One stage trained wrongly, a hundred wicked ones.

The more professional and elitist one’s training was, the more attention was paid to details. After all, the rule remains the same nowadays in the real martial world, commando training has nothing to do with regular troops instruction. Therefore, martial artists, in the old days, paid particular attention not to the benefits, but to the defects of their training. Quite the opposite of nowadays leisurely schools with their “if you do it correctly then it’s all good” motto.

Healthy Craft

拳講三術，技、醫、藝術。

Boxing stresses on three methods, skills, medicine and craft.

Skills deal with body and mind techniques.

Right Path

一步練錯百步歪

One stage trained wrongly, a hundred wicked ones

Apart from an external understanding, there is also internal understanding of such saying.

Posture With A Little Twist

要知拳精髓，首由站桩起

To get to know the quintessence of boxing, it first starts with standing pillars.

练功不站桩，等于瞎晃荡

Training skills without standing poles, is like blindly swaying.

練拳無樁步，房屋無立柱

Training boxing without stakes, a house without stud.

In old training, first came posture, then stepping. Posture was a very important basis of any training, a way to learn to put one’s body parts in the most beneficial angles. Feet, since their position basically has a great influence on the whole body, head included, were actually probably the most important part to train.

Unreadable

縱橫逆順，直復不聞

Vertical or horizontal, against or following, straight or turned over is not made known.

縱 vertical, to jump in the air

橫 horizontal, at a right angle (as opposed to 縱), unrestrained

逆 to oppose, to go against, backwards, contrary

順 to follow, along

直 straight (as opposed to 彎, 曲 crooked), simply

復 turn round or over, to repeat, to return to an original state, hexagram 24th of the Yijing

不 no, not

聞 hear, smell, to make known

This last sentence seems to stress on the need to be stealthy, to avoid having one‘s intentions uncovered.

Tightrope

一步練錯百步歪

One step trained wrongly, a hundred wicked ones

See Light And Athletic Foot.

Know Your Foot

力由足起

Strength rises from the feet.

足太陽之筋，起於足小趾，上結于踝

The fascias of the Foot Uttermost Masculin, starts from the little toe, linking up to the ankle...*

In internal practices, working on the feet means first posture then motion. Still, before even exploring those, it may be opportune to describe exactly what has to be trained as far as the feet are concerned. For such purpose, the foot is divided into five parts.

Mind Your Step

打拳容易走步難

Boxing is easy, stepping is hard

To compare with 我教你一手，不教你一走, teaching you a technique but not how to move.

Happy Foot

打拳容易走步難

Boxing is easy, stepping is hard

步不活則拳亂，步不快則拳慢

Boxing becomes messy when one does not step lively, slow when one does not step fast

One who has studied long enough old practices may have heard about a story or two describing the importance ageing masters paid to step. A typical one is probably the student being finally granted to see his master’s training only to end up walking hours with him. Beyond this type of story lies, for the least, two principles, “to each his/her training” and “feet go first”.

A Natural Breath

呼吸往來，不及法禁

Exhaling and inhaling going and coming, never reaching what the system prohibits

呼 to breathe out, exhale

吸 to breathe in, inhale, absorb.

往 to go, towards, past

來 to come, to arrive, next

不 not, no

及 to reach, up to

法(灋) method, system, to punish, to force

禁 (jìn) to prohibit, to forbid, (jīn) to contain, to restrain oneself

Breathing is one of the cornerstones of old practices. If the first part of the quote seems quite clear, the second part is quite obscure, what is prohibited by the system isn’t explained further in the text.

A Moving Mould

動則法，靜則型

With Method when moving, a mould when still.

Moving is about the waist.

Closing the Doors

肛門不提，丹田氣散，内中空虚，元氣*虧損

When the anus is not pulled up, the vapours around the cinnabar field disperse, the inside becomes empty and one's vitality depletes.

As it has been mentioned in the previous post, one could compare training teenagers and adults to fixing new or already used cars. Hence, when training adults, one has to consider the body deterioration, a thing teenagers have not yet undergone. As far as internal alchemy is concerned, it is mainly about the organs and their capacity to generate heat. Hence, their place, size and insulation are important matters to deal with when training adults. Right place and size are determined by the capacity to keep the stomach flat and insulation is working on the sphincters so that the sex and the anus are kept as closed as possible most of the time. Both issues are mainly solved by working on the pelvis and the perinea.

Brainless

讀書要講，種地要耪，練拳要想

Studying needs explaining, tilling land weeding, training boxing pondering.

Ninety per cent training for ten per cent thinking when starting, the opposite when very advanced.

Short Length

打拳要长，发劲要短

Long when practising boxing, short when sending out power

This issue has been extensively described in this blog in Training vs Fighting

Bending the Bow

未学功夫，先学跌打

Before studying skills one shall study acrobatics

百折連腰盡無骨*

A hundred twists linking the waist, a boneless utmost

These two quotes are a perfect example of what kind of suppleness was required in the old days for Martists. Basically, one had to push flexibility to its utmost limits. Therefore, a great part of the basic training was extreme flexibility. Still, it was not the only basic training for internal arts, the other one was posture, learning a correct alignment. In a sense, those two trainings were not only made to complement each other but also as antidotes. Indeed, for the least, correct alignment locks the body in certain angles, restraining its movements and therefore diminishing its flexibility while extreme flexibility puts the body in detrimental angles which may, in term, lead to injuries.

Heaven and Earth

頭頂青天，脚抓地；懷抱嬰兒，手托腮

The head carries the blue sky, the feet grip the earth; hugging a child, resting the chin in the hands*

Stretching the fascia lines from top to bottom.

Firmly Elastic

魄門亦為五藏使*

The Mortal Soul Gate is also of use for the five organs  

下收穀道，上提玉樓**

Down holding the Grain Path, up lifting the Jade House

As it has been already mentioned many times in this blog, adapting professional training made for physically and mentally strong teenagers to leisurely adults raises a lot of issues. It is interesting to notice that one of the first issues is actually the basic training for any style focusing on fascia elasticity: flexibility. As it was mentioned in the posts concerning such elasticity, flexibility for those old practices is not meant to acquire acrobatic skills, even when the results seem quite similar. Indeed, as acrobatic postures may look, they still have to follow a set of rules concerning body alignment, like tucking in the butt for example.

A Fleeting Light

彷彿若光，影逐形追

Seemingly as if a light, shadows one by one chasing shapes

追 chase (or run) after; pursue

形 form; shape

逐 pursue; chase; one by one

影 shadow; reflection; vague impression

光 light; ray; brightness; naked; nothing left

若 as if, like

彿 seemingly

彷 seemingly,: resembling

When trying to expand the meaning of the quote, the first thing that strikes the reader is that maybe the second part is written in the wrong order*. Hence, the whole quote has been reversed in the present post. Since this text is relatively old, a lot of what seems to be part historically part of Chinese culture may actually not be relevant.

Hitting a Wall

打人千萬，不如一紥

Countless hits cannot compare to one prick

Sharp beats blunt.